Animal law is a dynamic and evolving field that explores the legal regulation of non-human animals. This rapidly expanding area of law examines the many ways in which law regulates and/or fails to regulate and protect non-human animals. Companion animals, free-living animals, animals used for food, and animals used for entertainment are subject to different legal regimes. Animal law explores the shifting status of animals and emerging conceptions of animal rights. It intersects with various areas of legal practice, including criminal law, property law, tort law, family law, constitutional law, food law, health law, and environmental law.
The University of Toronto, Faculty of Law, Animal Law Program is taking a leadership role building national and international conversations about non-human animals and their legal treatment. We offer a diverse range of educational and hands-on learning experiences, empowering students to learn more about the area and become future advocates for justice and compassion.
We provide comprehensive engagement with the complex legal frameworks surrounding animal rights, welfare, and protection. Through innovative coursework, experiential learning opportunities, and engaging discussions, students gain insight into the ethical, environmental, and cultural dimensions of animal law.
Expanding educational opportunities by offering innovative courses, providing academic writing opportunities, and facilitating hands-on learning experiences.
Increasing both the quantity and quality of academic research in the field by convening academic workshops, seminars, and conferences, and collaborating on academic publications in the field of animal law and policy.
Informing broader audiences about animal law and policy issues through various avenues.
Testimonials
Jessica Eisen (JD 2009 | Associate Professor, University of Alberta, Faculty of Law)The University of Toronto Faculty of Law has played a critical role in the development of the field of Animal Law in Canada and beyond. U of T housed one of the country's first courses in Animal Law, under the exceptional leadership of Lesli Bisgould -- a course which I was very fortunate to take myself. For years, the Working Group on Animals in the Law and Humanities has attracted and supported leading scholars in the field, while also platforming the emerging research of junior scholars. The Working Group continues to serve as a crucial incubator for scholarly inquiry into Animal Law in Canada. Professor Angela Fernandez brings her characteristic warmth, enthusiasm, and interdisciplinary rigour to U of T's Animal Law program year after year, creating an unparalleled environment for studying the many increasingly urgent questions that engage interspecies relationships.
Ryann Fineberg (Former Brooks Digest High School Volunteer | Current Student at University of California, Berkeley)Having helped write the Canadian edition of the Brooks Animal Law Digest over the past three years has been an immensely rewarding experience. Because of its accessibility, the Digest is a critical means of disseminating pertinent information on animal law to both scholars and the wider community—I am so grateful to have contributed to this mission and look forward to seeing the Digest's continued growth and impact.
Harleen Grewal (JD Candidate 2027)The launch of the Animal Law Program at U of T is an exciting and necessary step toward recognizing the legal and ethical dimensions of our relationship with animals. It not only legitimizes this vital field, but also shows students that a meaningful, impactful career in animal law is possible and worth pursuing. I’m hopeful it will generate critical scholarship and empower students to advocate for more compassionate, forward-looking legal frameworks.
Abhinav Mynampati (JD 2025)As one of the many people exposed at some point to videos documenting the cruelties meted out to animals, it felt only natural that as a law student I should find out what, if anything, the law has to say about these practices. Taking the Animal Law course with Professor Angela Fernandez exposed me to the true scale of the issue, and gave me an opportunity to do something truly fulfilling. While I came into the course skeptical about how the legal profession and its doctrinal arsenal could counter these practices, I left confident that lawyers, judges, academia and activists can all be complementary engines in the drive to change how we live with animals. Moreover, I had the opportunity to become a small part of that larger cause when Professor Fernandez, my classmates and I together drafted a submission to the Federal Government’s public consultation on the Right to a Healthy Environment under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act 1999 (CEPA). I would recommend taking the class to anyone even remotely interested in this area and I guarantee you will come out of it with more than you expected.
Isabel Brisson (JD 2025)I took the animal law course in my third and final year to explore a topic I was entirely unfamiliar with. The course challenged me to think critically about what justice looks like for non-human animals. Having a dedicated program at the law school underscores the growing legal and ethical importance of animal protection law and equips future lawyers to lead in this field.
Daniel Kim (JD 2025)As someone who doesn’t really love animals, I was advised by my friends and family to drop Animals and the Law to avoid failing the class. However, as the course progressed, I was fascinated, excited, and sometimes shocked to learn about the various legal issues within the field. My enthusiasm translated to a research-length paper under Professor Fernandez’s attentive supervision. Thus, I feel fortunate that the law school gave me the opportunity to take this course, which has accordingly broadened my perspective as a future lawyer.
Key Resources
A premier online production offering in-depth and up-to-date coverage on today’s most important animal law and policy issues to interested parties in the field.
The research guide aims to provide a variety of resources to those researching Canadian animal law and the wide range of related topics.
Events listing

Jackman Law Building, Room J230

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